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High performance requirements: Cloud Native 2.0 networks use VPC networks to construct container networks, eliminating the need for tunnel encapsulation or NAT when containers communicate.
versions later than Kubernetes 1.25, Kubelet uses IPTablesCleanup to migrate the Kubernetes-generated iptables chains used by the components outside of Kubernetes in phases so that iptables chains such as KUBE-MARK-DROP, KUBE-MARK-MASQ, and KUBE-POSTROUTING will not be created in the NAT
versions later than Kubernetes 1.25, Kubelet uses IPTablesCleanup to migrate the Kubernetes-generated iptables chains used by the components outside of Kubernetes in phases so that iptables chains such as KUBE-MARK-DROP, KUBE-MARK-MASQ, and KUBE-POSTROUTING will not be created in the NAT
If the cluster forwarding mode is iptables, run the iptables -t nat -L command to view the port. If the cluster forwarding mode is IPVS, run the ipvsadm -Ln command to view the port.
Timeout setting for waiting for a response from a backend server: If the backend server fails to respond during the timeout duration, the load balancer will stop waiting and return HTTP 504 Gateway Timeout to the client.
This includes but is not limited to virtual networks, the OS of virtual machine hosts and guests, virtual firewalls, API Gateway, advanced security services, all types of cloud services, tenant data, identity accounts, and key management.
Because container tunnel encapsulation and NAT are not required, Cloud Native Network 2.0 delivers higher network performance than the container tunnel and VPC networks.
Figure 1 Specifying the number of allocatable container IP addresses on a node in the VPC network model By default, a node occupies three container IP addresses (network address, gateway address, and broadcast address).
For example, a gateway container needs to access all other containers in the same cluster. 2. All available IP addresses in a container CIDR block are used up.
Configure gateway timeout. Make sure that the persistent connection timeout period of backend services is greater than or equal to the connection timeout period of NGINX Ingress Controller. Configure HPA for NGINX Ingress Controller.
The usable number of IP addresses for pods within this block is typically the total number of addresses in the CIDR block minus three reserved addresses (including the network address, gateway address, and broadcast address).
Default Advanced Settings Gateway Specifies the gateway address of the subnet. This IP address is used to communicate with other subnets. 192.168.0.1 DNS Server Address By default, two DNS server addresses are configured. You can change them if necessary.
Changing the value of the kernel parameter net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle to 1 The NAT service becomes abnormal. Change the value to 0. Changing the value of the kernel parameter net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse to 1 The network becomes abnormal. Change the value to 0.
Deployment dashboard-kong Open-source API gateway component on which Dashboard depends, which helps manage APIs and implement authentication and authorization.
For details, see NAT Gateway Price Calculator. In the use case described in this section, a NodePort Service is required to access the Kubeflow web UI. Ensure an EIP is bound to any node in the cluster. The EIP will be billed. For details, see Elastic IP Price Calculator.
Time series data can be pushed to the Prometheus server in push gateway mode. Users can obtain the monitored targets through service discovery or static configuration. Multiple visual GUIs are available.
After a request is forwarded to the backend server, if the backend server does not respond within the duration specified by member_timeout, the load balancer will stop waiting and return HTTP 504 Gateway Timeout. The value ranges from 1 to 300 (in seconds).
DNAT gateway Service Public network Same node as the service pod The access failed. The access failed. The access failed. The access failed. Different nodes from the service pod The access failed. The access failed. The access failed. The access failed.
CCE can work with NAT Gateway. Certain bugs are fixed. 2018-05-06 Changes: Namespace deletion. Users can specify an ELB port for health checks. Certain bugs are fixed. 2018-04-04 Changes: Cluster nodes support CentOS 7.1.
Check the result. kubectl get svc -n istio-system | grep istiod Information similar to the following is displayed: istiod ClusterIP 10.247.51.34 <none> 15010/TCP,15012/TCP,443/TCP,15014/TCP 4h8m Install the Kubernetes Gateway API CRD. kubectl get crd gateways.gateway.networking.k8s.io
