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  • 场景一:磁盘满后快速定位存储倾斜的表 首先,通过pg_stat_get_last_data_changed_time(oid)函数查询出近期发生过数据变更的表,鉴于表的最后修改时间只在进行IUD操作的CN记录,要查询库内1天(间隔可在函数中调整)内被修改的所有表,可以使用如下封装函数: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_last_changed_table(OUT schemaname text, OUT relname text) RETURNS setof record AS $$ DECLARE row_data record; row_name record; query_str text; query_str_nodes text; BEGIN query_str_nodes := 'SELECT node_name FROM pgxc_node where node_type = ''C'''; FOR row_name IN EXECUTE(query_str_nodes) LOOP query_str := 'EXECUTE DIRECT ON (' || row_name.node_name || ') ''SELECT b.nspname,a.relname FROM pg_class a INNER JOIN pg_namespace b on a.relnamespace = b.oid where pg_stat_get_last_data_changed_time(a.oid) BETWEEN current_timestamp - 1 AND current_timestamp;'''; FOR row_data IN EXECUTE(query_str) LOOP schemaname = row_data.nspname; relname = row_data.relname; return next; END LOOP; END LOOP; return; END; $$ LANGUAGE 'plpgsql'; 然后,通过table_distribution(schemaname text, tablename text)查询出表在各个DN占用的存储空间。 1 SELECT table_distribution(schemaname,relname) FROM get_last_changed_table();
  • 场景二:常规数据倾斜巡检 在库中表个数少于1W的场景,直接使用倾斜视图查询当前库内所有表的数据倾斜情况。 1 SELECT * FROM pgxc_get_table_skewness ORDER BY totalsize DESC; 在库中表个数非常多(至少大于1W)的场景,因PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS涉及全库查并计算非常全面的倾斜字段,所以可能会花费比较长的时间(小时级),请根据PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS视图定义,直接使用table_distribution()函数自定义输出,减少输出列进行计算优化,例如: 1 2 3 4 5 6 SELECT schemaname,tablename,max(dnsize) AS maxsize, min(dnsize) AS minsize FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace INNER JOIN pg_catalog.table_distribution() s ON s.schemaname = n.nspname AND s.tablename = c.relname INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pgxc_class x ON c.oid = x.pcrelid AND x.pclocatortype = 'H' GROUP BY schemaname,tablename;
  • 场景二:常规数据倾斜巡检 在库中表个数少于1W的场景,直接使用倾斜视图查询当前库内所有表的数据倾斜情况。 1 SELECT * FROM pgxc_get_table_skewness ORDER BY totalsize DESC; 在库中表个数非常多(至少大于1W)的场景,因PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS涉及全库查并计算非常全面的倾斜字段,所以可能会花费比较长的时间(小时级),建议参考PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS视图定义,直接使用table_distribution()函数自定义输出,减少输出列进行计算优化,例如: 1 2 3 4 5 6 SELECT schemaname,tablename,max(dnsize) AS maxsize, min(dnsize) AS minsize FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace INNER JOIN pg_catalog.table_distribution() s ON s.schemaname = n.nspname AND s.tablename = c.relname INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pgxc_class x ON c.oid = x.pcrelid AND x.pclocatortype = 'H' GROUP BY schemaname,tablename;
  • 场景一:磁盘满后快速定位存储倾斜的表 首先,通过pg_stat_get_last_data_changed_time(oid)函数查询出近期发生过数据变更的表,鉴于表的最后修改时间只在进行IUD操作的CN记录,要查询库内1天(间隔可在函数中调整)内被修改的所有表,可以使用如下封装函数: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_last_changed_table(OUT schemaname text, OUT relname text) RETURNS setof record AS $$ DECLARE row_data record; row_name record; query_str text; query_str_nodes text; BEGIN query_str_nodes := 'SELECT node_name FROM pgxc_node where node_type = ''C'''; FOR row_name IN EXECUTE(query_str_nodes) LOOP query_str := 'EXECUTE DIRECT ON (' || row_name.node_name || ') ''SELECT b.nspname,a.relname FROM pg_class a INNER JOIN pg_namespace b on a.relnamespace = b.oid where pg_stat_get_last_data_changed_time(a.oid) BETWEEN current_timestamp - 1 AND current_timestamp;'''; FOR row_data IN EXECUTE(query_str) LOOP schemaname = row_data.nspname; relname = row_data.relname; return next; END LOOP; END LOOP; return; END; $$ LANGUAGE 'plpgsql'; 然后,通过table_distribution(schemaname text, tablename text)查询出表在各个DN占用的存储空间。 1 SELECT table_distribution(schemaname,relname) FROM get_last_changed_table();
  • 场景二:常规数据倾斜巡检 在库中表个数少于1W的场景,直接使用倾斜视图查询当前库内所有表的数据倾斜情况。 1 SELECT * FROM pgxc_get_table_skewness ORDER BY totalsize DESC; 在库中表个数非常多(至少大于1W)的场景,因PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS涉及全库查并计算非常全面的倾斜字段,所以可能会花费比较长的时间(小时级),建议参考PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS视图定义,直接使用table_distribution()函数自定义输出,减少输出列进行计算优化,例如: 1 2 3 4 5 6 SELECT schemaname,tablename,max(dnsize) AS maxsize, min(dnsize) AS minsize FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace INNER JOIN pg_catalog.table_distribution() s ON s.schemaname = n.nspname AND s.tablename = c.relname INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pgxc_class x ON c.oid = x.pcrelid AND x.pclocatortype = 'H' GROUP BY schemaname,tablename;
  • 场景一:磁盘满后快速定位存储倾斜的表 首先,通过pg_stat_get_last_data_changed_time(oid)函数查询出近期发生过数据变更的表,鉴于表的最后修改时间只在进行IUD操作的CN记录,要查询库内1天(间隔可在函数中调整)内被修改的所有表,可以使用如下封装函数: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_last_changed_table(OUT schemaname text, OUT relname text) RETURNS setof record AS $$ DECLARE row_data record; row_name record; query_str text; query_str_nodes text; BEGIN query_str_nodes := 'SELECT node_name FROM pgxc_node where node_type = ''C'''; FOR row_name IN EXECUTE(query_str_nodes) LOOP query_str := 'EXECUTE DIRECT ON (' || row_name.node_name || ') ''SELECT b.nspname,a.relname FROM pg_class a INNER JOIN pg_namespace b on a.relnamespace = b.oid where pg_stat_get_last_data_changed_time(a.oid) BETWEEN current_timestamp - 1 AND current_timestamp;'''; FOR row_data IN EXECUTE(query_str) LOOP schemaname = row_data.nspname; relname = row_data.relname; return next; END LOOP; END LOOP; return; END; $$ LANGUAGE 'plpgsql'; 然后,通过table_distribution(schemaname text, tablename text)查询出表在各个DN占用的存储空间。 1 SELECT table_distribution(schemaname,relname) FROM get_last_changed_table();
  • 场景二:常规数据倾斜巡检 在库中表个数少于1W的场景,直接使用倾斜视图查询当前库内所有表的数据倾斜情况。 1 SELECT * FROM pgxc_get_table_skewness ORDER BY totalsize DESC; 在库中表个数非常多(至少大于1W)的场景,因PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS涉及全库查并计算非常全面的倾斜字段,所以可能会花费比较长的时间(小时级),建议参考PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS视图定义,直接使用table_distribution()函数自定义输出,减少输出列进行计算优化,例如: 1 2 3 4 5 6 SELECT schemaname,tablename,max(dnsize) AS maxsize, min(dnsize) AS minsize FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace INNER JOIN pg_catalog.table_distribution() s ON s.schemaname = n.nspname AND s.tablename = c.relname INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pgxc_class x ON c.oid = x.pcrelid AND x.pclocatortype = 'H' GROUP BY schemaname,tablename;
  • 场景一:磁盘满后快速定位存储倾斜的表 首先,通过pg_stat_get_last_data_changed_time(oid)函数查询出近期发生过数据变更的表,鉴于表的最后修改时间只在进行IUD操作的CN记录,要查询库内1天(间隔可在函数中调整)内被修改的所有表,可以使用如下封装函数: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_last_changed_table(OUT schemaname text, OUT relname text) RETURNS setof record AS $$ DECLARE row_data record; row_name record; query_str text; query_str_nodes text; BEGIN query_str_nodes := 'SELECT node_name FROM pgxc_node where node_type = ''C'''; FOR row_name IN EXECUTE(query_str_nodes) LOOP query_str := 'EXECUTE DIRECT ON (' || row_name.node_name || ') ''SELECT b.nspname,a.relname FROM pg_class a INNER JOIN pg_namespace b on a.relnamespace = b.oid where pg_stat_get_last_data_changed_time(a.oid) BETWEEN current_timestamp - 1 AND current_timestamp;'''; FOR row_data IN EXECUTE(query_str) LOOP schemaname = row_data.nspname; relname = row_data.relname; return next; END LOOP; END LOOP; return; END; $$ LANGUAGE 'plpgsql'; 然后,通过table_distribution(schemaname text, tablename text)查询出表在各个DN占用的存储空间。 1 SELECT table_distribution(schemaname,relname) FROM get_last_changed_table();
  • 使用方法 设置参数(表倾斜告警阈值table_skewness_warning_threshold和表倾斜告警最小行数table_skewness_warning_rows); 表倾斜告警阈值取值范围0~1,默认值为1,即关闭状态,取其他值时为开启状态。 表倾斜告警最小行数取值范围0~2147483647,默认值为100,000。当导入总行数超过该值与导入DN数之积时,才可能触发告警,从而不会在小数据量导入的场景进行无意义的告警。 1 2 3 4 show table_skewness_warning_threshold; set table_skewness_warning_threshold = xxx; show table_skewness_warning_rows; set table_skewness_warning_rows = xxx; 执行导入,使用INSERT或者COPY; 发现并处理告警,告警信息包括表名、最小行数、最大行数、总行数、平均行数、倾斜率,以及提示信息(检查数据分布或者修改参数)。 WARNING: Skewness occurs, table name: xxx, min value: xxx, max value: xxx, sum value: xxx, avg value: xxx, skew ratio: xxx HINT: Please check data distribution or modify warning threshold
  • 场景一:磁盘满后快速定位存储倾斜的表 首先,通过pg_stat_get_last_data_changed_time(oid)函数查询出近期发生过数据变更的表,鉴于表的最后修改时间只在进行IUD操作的CN记录,要查询库内1天(间隔可在函数中调整)内被修改的所有表,可以使用如下封装函数: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9101112131415161718192021 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_last_changed_table(OUT schemaname text, OUT relname text) RETURNS setof record AS $$ DECLARE row_data record; row_name record; query_str text; query_str_nodes text; BEGIN query_str_nodes := 'SELECT node_name FROM pgxc_node where node_type = ''C'''; FOR row_name IN EXECUTE(query_str_nodes) LOOP query_str := 'EXECUTE DIRECT ON (' || row_name.node_name || ') ''SELECT b.nspname,a.relname FROM pg_class a INNER JOIN pg_namespace b on a.relnamespace = b.oid where pg_stat_get_last_data_changed_time(a.oid) BETWEEN current_timestamp - 1 AND current_timestamp;'''; FOR row_data IN EXECUTE(query_str) LOOP schemaname = row_data.nspname; relname = row_data.relname; return next; END LOOP; END LOOP; return; END; $$ LANGUAGE 'plpgsql'; 然后,通过table_distribution(schemaname text, tablename text)查询出表在各个DN占用的存储空间。 1 SELECT table_distribution(schemaname,relname) FROM get_last_changed_table();
  • 场景二:常规数据倾斜巡检 在库中表个数少于1W的场景,直接使用倾斜视图查询当前库内所有表的数据倾斜情况。 1 SELECT * FROM pgxc_get_table_skewness ORDER BY totalsize DESC; 在库中表个数非常多(至少大于1W)的场景,因PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS涉及全库查并计算非常全面的倾斜字段,所以可能会花费比较长的时间(小时级),建议参考PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS视图定义,直接使用table_distribution()函数自定义输出,减少输出列进行计算优化,例如: 123456 SELECT schemaname,tablename,max(dnsize) AS maxsize, min(dnsize) AS minsize FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace INNER JOIN pg_catalog.table_distribution() s ON s.schemaname = n.nspname AND s.tablename = c.relname INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pgxc_class x ON c.oid = x.pcrelid AND x.pclocatortype = 'H' GROUP BY schemaname,tablename;